In this French Phrase Book is a piece of paper…a discharge permit issued to Tech/5 Herbert ANDERSON, serial number 33680878, signed by 1st Lieutenant Ned SNYDER Junior, Commanding Officer of the 290th Medical Detachment.

The name may not ring a bell, but it turns out that Dr. Ned Snyder was none other than the first doctor to treat General PATTON after his accident.

Ned Snyder was born on October 17, 1917 in Brownwood, where he spent his entire childhood.

1942 was an important year for him, with his marriage to Beverly Gramann in Austin, Texas, and his graduation from medical school at the University of Austin.

Drafted in 1944, he served 3 years in the U.S. Army until 1947.

At the beginning of his service, he was C.O. (Commanding Officer) of the 290th Medical Det. before being transferred to the USAF.

In 1945, his “last patient” in Germany was a colorful character…George Patton!

On December 9, 1945, shortly before noon, Ned Snyder was on his way to Heidelberg airport, when he happened to arrive at the scene of General Patton’s fatal accident. He was the first doctor to attend to the General, who was suffering from spinal and facial pain.

Ned Snyder is the first to diagnose Patton’s injuries, as he sits motionless in the back of his Cadillac. During the 25-minute drive from the scene of the accident to 130th Station Hospital on the outskirts of Heidelberg, “the old man”, as he was known, gave no sign of complaint or pain!

On his deathbed, he said, “This is a hell of a way to die.

After the war, Ted Snyder returned to his native Texas, and pursued a career in medicine as a doctor. In 1986, William Luce presented his last film “The Last Days of Patton” to the world, showing the role played by Ned, played by Paul Michael, during the general’s last stand!

Ned Snyder died on October 11, 2001 at the age of 84, in Brownwood, his birthplace.

A brief history of the 290th Medical Detachment :

Christmas 1944 in England: The order to leave England for France arrived on December 26, 1944. The Liberty Ship HMS Empire Rapier carried the 290th from Southampton to Le Havre, where it arrived on December 31, 1944.

Departure on January 1, 1945, bound for “Forges les Eaux” for a 4-day bivouac.

Departure on January 6, 1945 for Molsheim. After 6 days’ bivouac in Molsheim, departure for Orbey on January 12, 1945. Arrived in Orbey from Molsheim on January 12, 1945. Attached to the 7th Infantry Regiment of the 3rd Infantry Division Us for 10 days in the Hachimette and Lapoutroie sector. Reassigned to the 112th Infantry Regiment of the 28th Infantry Division from January 23, 1945, after suffering losses alongside the 7th Infantry Regiment in the Bennwihr and Rosenkranz sectors.

Reorganized within the 112th Infantry Regiment in the Orbey sector and began fighting with the 112th Infantry Regiment at the very end of January 1945.

He takes part in the liberation of Turckheim on February 3 and 4, 1945. The objective was reached for the 290th on February 6, 1945, and it was withdrawn from the battlefield the same day, followed by letters of gratitude from General Norman Cota.

The translation of the Authorisation de sortie pour militaire du rang et sous officier :

Enlisted = MDR and S/Off.

ANDERSON Herbert, technician 5th grade, regimental number 33680878

Rank insignia as Corporal, but with Technician T.

Service number beginning with 3 = enlisted or called up for the duration of the war.

290th Medical Detachment, C Engineer Battalion, based at Tiverton

The medical unit of an engineer battalion

Tiverton, Devon (South-West England).

is authorized to be absent from 6:00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m.

to visit Tiverton only

Signed Ned Snyder Junior, Lieutenant, Medical Corps

290th (Battalion) Unit Commander

The nearest prohylactic station was at the Strakey Knight and Ford brewery.

A medical department post where soldiers could be screened and treated for venereal diseases. Condoms were probably also available.

There were such posts all over Great Britain and Ireland, where American soldiers were stationed. There were several “Strakey Knight and Ford” breweries in this part of England. The brand was created with the 1st brewery in 1887 and the last production unit closed in 1967.

The combat jacket can be worn.

B” outfit, M41 jacket in place of exit jacket. But the rest of the outfit must be identical to the “A” exit outfit, including the tie.

While on leave, you will be observed by British civilians, who will judge the U.S. Army on the basis of your appearance and individual behavior.

Failure on your part to comply with uniform and conduct regulations will result in negative remarks against your army, your unit and yourself.

I have read and understood the above declaration and am familiar with the provisions of articles 1 to 59 of the Soldier’s Manual (FM 21-100).

FM stands for FIeld Manual.

Cossack grenadier “Kosak Freiwilliger” armed with a Russian Mosin-Nagant model 1891 7.62x54mm rifle and a Russian Degtiarev DP 28 machine gun of the same caliber at his feet.

He is dressed in a uniform with insignia specific to his ethnic origin (Cossack cavalryman) in addition to the German chest eagle.

He wears a WW1 model 1916 helmet from the army’s reserve stocks (often assigned to secondary or non-combat units).

He belongs to Kosaken-Festungs-Grenadier-Regiment 360.

This regiment was created in France in April 1944 from Cossack volunteers and assigned to the 708 Infantry-Division on the west coast, Bordeau-Royan sector. In October 1944, it was transferred to eastern France and fought in the Colmar pocket.

On February 22, 1945, the unit was transferred to Austria and assigned to the 1.Kosaken-Division, where it ended the war.

The “Haftholladung 3 Kgs” magnetic anti-tank mine was issued to the German army in November 1942.

It has a diameter of 15 cm, a height of 27.5 cm and a weight of 3 kg, including 1.5 kg of explosive (RDX-TNT).

It can pierce 140 mm of steel armour or 500 mm of concrete.

Le système est simple :

• at its base 3 magnets, each with a force of 45 kgs, to adhere to metal surfaces.
• it is equipped here with a BZE.39 (BrennZünder Eifer 39) igniter in yellow (7.5 seconds delay) or blue (4.5 seconds) which is activated after positioning on the target.
• 1 n°8 detonator (Sprengkapsel n°8).
• the cone contains a hollow charge fixed to a bakelite plate (or plywood at the end of the war).
• an “anti-magnetism” protective plate is fitted over the 3 magnets for transport (here in hexagonal form) and removed before use.

German Haftholladung, 3 Kgs magnetic shaped charge.

vidéo : Hafthohlladung Panzerknacker in Action – Magnetic Hollow-Charge Antitank Weapon

Waffen-SS “SS-Grenadier” armed with a 7.92x57mm 98k rifle, fitted with a grenade-launching system.

A carrying case for anti-tank shaped-charge grenades (Groβe-Gewehr-Panzergranaten) lies at his feet.

He is dressed in a Waffen-SS uniform and camouflage smock.

He belongs to an independent combat group (Kampfgruppe SS-Regiment “Braun”, renamed “Radolfzell”) deployed in the Colmar sector from November 1944. The unit suffered heavy losses during Operation Habicht in the Bennwihr-Mittelwihr sector from December 12 to 16, 1944.

This combat group is a heterogeneous conglomerate formed from reserve units and waffen-SS training schools.

“Scharfschütze”, sniper armed with a 7.92x57mm G.43 semi-automatic rifle and ZF.4 scope.

Dressed in a camouflaged smock, he carries a pair of binoculars and the scope’s carrying case. A magazine holder specific to his weapon is attached to his belt.

He belongs to the 198 Infanterie-Division created in December 1939. This unit took part in the invasion of Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Greece, before taking part in Operation Barbarossa in 1941 (invasion of the USSR) and fighting until mid-1944 on the Eastern Front, where it suffered heavy losses.

In June 1944, it was reconstituted in the south of France, before being sent to the Colmar Pocket.

Polizei-Unterwachtmeister” armed with a Beretta 1938 9mm Luger-caliber Italian machine pistol and 2 model 1924 hand grenades (Stielhandgranate 24).

He is dressed in a police uniform, covered with a German-made camouflage canvas tent of Italian origin (Telo mimetico m29).

It belonged to SS-Polizei-Regiment 19, temporarily attached to the 16.Volksgrenadier-Division from October 1944, and fought until mid-December 1944 in the Colmar Pocket, before moving to Slovenia to end the war there.

Created in 1942, this regiment was guilty of numerous exactions and war crimes during its anti-partisan operations in France and Slovenia.

This Luftwaffe division was created in December 1942 and took part in the Normandy battles, where it suffered heavy losses.

Disbanded in August 1944, its elements were scattered among several other units (21. Panzer-Division and 16. Infanterie-Division before becoming 16. Volksgrenadier-Division).

First MG Shooter “MG Schutze 1” armed with a 7.92X57mm MG.34 machine gun mounted on a Lafette 34-type heavy carriage, a Belgian GP.35 9mm Luger automatic pistol and a model 39 “egg” grenade (Eierhandgranate 39).

He is dressed in a camouflage blouse typical of Luftwaffe ground combat units, worn over his woolen uniform.

On his belt, he carries a maintenance kit for his machine gun, as well as a holster for his pistol. A common practice in the German army, he wears a band of cartridges around his neck.

He belongs to a unit of the 16 Luftwaffen-Feld-Division, amalgamated into the 16 Volksgrenadier-Division in October 1944.

This Luftwaffe division was created in December 1942 and took part in the Normandy battles, where it suffered heavy losses.

Disbanded in August 1944, its elements were scattered among several other units (21. Panzer-Division and 16. Infanterie-Division before becoming 16. Volksgrenadier-Division).

Grenadier armed with an RPzB.43 (Raketen Panzerbüchse 43, 8.8cm-caliber anti-tank rocket launcher known as a “Panzerschreck”) and a P.08 9mm Luger automatic pistol.

He is dressed in a winter outfit consisting of a woollen capote and reversible, early-made quilted pants (green and white side) worn over his uniform.

At his feet is a carrying case for two 8.8cm rockets (there are two types of ammunition, differentiated by a cross: use between -5°/+50° or a circle: use between -40° and +20°).

It belongs to an infantry unit of the 716 Infantry-Division created on May 2, 1941 and positioned in the Manche sector.

The division was engaged against British forces in June 1944 at Caen during the Allied landings. In August 1944, the division was in the south of France; following the Provence landings on August 15, it withdrew to the north-east before taking part in the fighting in the Vosges from October to November 1944.

In the same month, it amalgamated the remnants of various units before being engaged in the Poche de Colmar.

A good old companion …

In 1945 Gérard Foellner, born on September 29, 1942, was two-and-a-half years old and lived on route d’Ingersheim, in Colmar (68).

Too young to remember the Liberation, he was nevertheless able to keep a material souvenir of the period: a small military uniform sewn by his aunt.

75 years later, he decided to donate it to the Musée Mémorial des Combats de la Poche de Colmar, thus contributing to the important task of remembrance and transmission.

On the day of the Liberation of Colmar on February 4, 1945, Gérard attended the parade of French and American troops in the company of his mother and aunt.

“I’d been taught to salute for the occasion,” he recalls. The little boy was dressed in his uniform, made for the occasion from the jacket of an American soldier.

As he performs his military salute, a French soldier steps out of line and hangs one of his medals on his suit.

An amusing episode that captures the jubilation of the Liberation festivities. “And look, I wasn’t just anyone,” he laughs, pointing to his commander’s stripes.

NB: Georges Foellner, his father, born in 1920 in Colmar, was forced into compulsory labor by the Nazis for three months in October 1942. He was subsequently drafted into the Wehrmacht and ended up in Nichlausburg, near Vienna (Austria). Sent to the Russian front, he joined Presnitov, near the Polish border. Wounded by shrapnel in October 1943, hospitalized for several months and after a fortnight’s convalescence, he returned to Nichlausburg, then to Italy in January 1944, where he took part in the fierce fighting at Monte Casino. After taking prisoner with the Americans, Mr. Foellner voluntarily enlisted in the French First Army. He left Naples for Marseille, finally arriving in Strasbourg, where he was demobilized in May 1945.

Paul Louis Frédéric Kiener was born on January 12, 1913.

He came from an old family in Riquewihr (68), in the heart of the Alsace vineyards.

Enlisted in advance of call-up on October 18, 1933, the young man did his military service with the 27th Bataillon de Chasseurs Alpins (27th BCA).

While working as a technical assistant at Sandoz, he was mobilized in 1939 and assigned to the headquarters of the 1st Battalion of the 42nd Fortress Infantry Regiment (42ème RIF) at Marckolsheim (67) on the Rhine.

Until the German attack, he served as officer in charge of poison gas. Caught up in the turmoil of June 1940, the officer narrowly escaped capture. He then wandered the roads of Alsace with his staff.

When they circled the village of Elsenheim (67) in the fog, they were spotted by enemy forces, and owed their salvation only to the decisiveness of Second-Lieutenant Kiener, who covered his corps leader’s retreat with an FM 24/29 machine-gun, and even managed to withdraw unharmed. His perfect understanding of German enabled him to understand all the orders given by the enemy in front of him and to anticipate them. Second-Lieutenant Kiener withdrew with disparate units of the French army and was assigned to “La Défense des Cols des Vosges”. During an attack, he single-handedly manned a 75mm cannon and managed to delay the enemy.

His first citation in the Regimental Order bears witness to this:

Taken prisoner, he was taken by train to Pomerania near Neu-stettin (Poland).

A first return to Alsace…

After the Franco-German armistice, Alsace and Lorraine were annexed to the 3rd Reich, and their inhabitants were considered de facto German citizens.

Alsatian prisoners were released at the request of the German authorities.

Lieutenant Kiener benefited from this curious “grace” and returned home on November 27, 1940!

No sooner had he returned home than he was summoned by the German administration in Colmar, where the occupying forces studied his record of service and offered him command of the S.A. Nazi Party in Ribeauvillé (68)… His negative response sounded like a condemnation for him and his family (his eldest daughter was born on January 31, 1941). From then on, time was running out for him, and he decided to reach the free zone via Switzerland.

North Africa…

His journey took him to North Africa, where he was posted to the 6th Régiment de Tirailleurs Marocains in Casablanca. Promoted to lieutenant, he took charge of the headquarters support group, comprising 4 x 81 mm mortars and 4 x 37 mm mountain guns.

In 1942, he was approached by the North African counter-espionage services. His perfect command of German made him indispensable.

In this capacity, he was one of “those of November 8, 1942” who enabled the Allied landings in North Africa.

His intervention with General Martin, who then had 5,000 well-equipped men ready to fight, was decisive….these French troops were left holding the bag.

After the liberation of North Africa, Lieutenant Kiener was posted on 12/1/1942 to the 8th Moroccan Rifle Regiment (8ème RTM), where he had time to familiarize himself with the brand-new American weaponry… he was an “unconditional” fan of the 81mm mortar, which he particularly liked.

From the 1er Bataillon de Chasseurs Parachutistes (1er BCP) to the 1er Régiment de Chasseurs Parachutistes (1er RCP)…

He joined the 1st BCP in Fez, Morocco, on May 1, 1943, where he took the alias “Beaulieu” to protect his family back in France from reprisals, including deportation (Alsatian soldiers fighting with the French army were considered traitors by the Nazis).

On June 3, 1943, he was awarded parachute brevet n°1130, and took command of the 81mm mortar platoon in the 3rd company of the new regiment (the 1er BCP became the 1er RCP on June 1, 1943).

In Italy…

Lieutenant Kiener followed the regiment to Sicily and then Italy, where his men learned to appreciate him and confide in him like sons. He was at their side during the Vosges campaign in October 1944.

The Vosges campaign from October 2 to 22, 1944…

On October 6, with his best team, he destroys a German cannon that was threatening the regiment’s withdrawal to the village of Ménil(88).

The third shot from his gun landed on the ammunition store, destroying the artillery piece.

On October 8, having been particularly well informed by a German prisoner, he destroyed an enemy cannon with the first shot of his mortar fire during the attack on Ramonchamp(88).

He was cited in the regimental order:

On October 16, he accompanied his men to the peak of the assault on the Col du Menil. At the gateway to Alsace, the regiment was ordered to withdraw, and it was with a heavy heart that he buried his ammunition.

The Vosges campaign left him weakened and ill, yet as he writes:

“I felt that the battle for the liberation of Alsace was approaching, and for nothing in the world would I have agreed not to take part after three years away from my family and my native Riquewihr”.

The Alsace campaign…

The lieutenant got back on his feet and finally returned to Alsace in early December 1944.

On December 14, Lieutenant Kiener dit “Beaulieu” was wounded twice (“in both thighs) in 5 minutes in the Mayholz woods (67).

Shrapnel passed very close to the femoral artery, and despite shock treatment with penicillin, the wound became infected. He had to be operated on.

For this action, he was awarded a third citation: Mention in the Division Order:

“Magnificent officer, full of courage and composure. Leader of a mortar platoon, always knew how to get the maximum performance from his men. Was wounded on 14/12/1944, in the Mayholz while advancing with his unit under heavy artillery bombardment”.

He spent Christmas 1944 convalescing in Riquewihr, which had been liberated by American troops on December 5, 1944. There he found his family safe and sound (unfortunately, his father had died of illness during his long absence).

His groin injury was not well placed for further parachute jumping, so he turned to the intelligence services (BCRA) of the 1st Army, where he became a training officer for French agents until the end of the war.

Returning to civilian life in Riquewihr, he resumed his pre-war life and became an area manager at Sandoz and a winegrower. He had two daughters and 2 sons.

He died on April 20, 1994 in Saverne (67).

His decorations :

Chevalier de la Légion d’Honneur,

Croix de Guerre 1939-1945 with 3 commendations.

Medal of Liberated France.

Editor and pennant design: Guillaume Morelli – sources: 1er RCP documentary collection and Lieutenant Kiener’s memoirs.

We recommend the page created by Guillaume, a great specialist in the 1st RCP: “Histoires de Rapaces”.